Utah Division of Outdoor Recreation and State Parks Warn of Cold Water Dangers as Temperatures Drop

November 27, 2024

Safety Tips provided to help recreators stay safe this winter season.

SALT LAKE CITY — As colder weather sets in across Utah, the Utah Division of Outdoor Recreation (DOR) and the Utah Division of State Parks are cautioning those who enjoy Utah’s lakes, reservoirs, and rivers about the dangers of cold water immersion. Dropping water temperatures increase the risks of cold water shock, incapacitation and hypothermia, making it essential for recreators to prepare with appropriate safety gear and precautions.

“As cold weather moves in, we urge everyone to remember that even the most seasoned outdoor enthusiasts are at risk when exposed to frigid waters,” said Ty Hunter, DOR’s boating program manager. “Wearing a life jacket isn’t just a recommendation—it’s a life-saving choice that can make all the difference in cold water. Cold water immersion can overwhelm even the strongest swimmers in minutes, and a life jacket provides crucial extra time to stay afloat and conserve energy until help arrives. It’s your first line of defense against cold water shock and hypothermia, buying you those precious moments to get back to your boat or stay above water.”

Cold Water Risks and Survival Basics

Accidental immersion in cold water can quickly incapacitate and lead to hypothermia. Hypothermia occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, leading to confusion, loss of coordination, and even unconsciousness. To increase your chance of survival in cold water, wear a lifejacket, and remember the 1:10:1 principle:

• 1 minute of uncontrolled breathing, gasping, or hyperventilation due to cold shock. The lifejacket will help keep your airway above water during this initial uncontrolled reaction. 
• 10 minutes of meaningful movement to reach safety or reboard a boat.
  • The lifejacket will keep you afloat while you still have some fine motor control to self-rescue, board your boat and call for for help
• 1 hour of survival time before hypothermia may cause unconsciousness.
  • Wearing a lifejacket will keep you afloat and provide extra insulation.

Cold Water Safety Tips:

• Wear a life jacket at all times. Cold water shock can cause rapid, uncontrollable breathing and panic. A life jacket keeps you afloat, reduces movement and conserves heat, which can be life-saving in cold water.
• Dress for the water, not the air. Even on warm days, water temperatures can be dangerously low. Wear synthetic, water-resistant layers and bring extra clothing to stay warm if you get wet. 
• Plan ahead and stay informed. Always check the weather and water conditions before heading out. Carry a cell phone or communication device in a waterproof pouch, and consider boating with a buddy for added safety.
• Practice controlled breathing. The initial cold shock response can lead to hyperventilation. Take slow, deep breaths to stabilize your breathing and help prevent panic to help facilitate the coordination of body movement.
• Follow the “Reach, Throw, Row, Don’t Go” technique. If you or someone else is in the water and struggling to get out, remember this sequence:
  • Reach: Extend a stick, paddle, or other object to pull them in.
  • Throw: Toss a flotation device or rope to keep them afloat.
  • Row: Carefully row closer to offer help from a safe distance.
  • Don’t Go: Avoid entering the water to prevent additional risk.
• Stay with your boat when possible. If your boat capsizes, staying with it is often safer than attempting to swim to shore. A boat is easier for rescuers to spot and provides a way to stay above water. 

“Remember, cold water can drain your strength and impair decision-making rapidly, so preparation—knowing the dangers, dressing appropriately, and always wearing a life jacket—can truly save your life,” said Hunter. “No one expects to fall into cold water, but being prepared is the key to surviving if you do, and wearing a life jacket will buy you critical time.”

For additional information on cold water safety, visit recreation.utah.gov or stateparks.utah.gov.

About Utah Division of Outdoor Recreation

In 2022, the Utah State Legislature recognized the growing importance of the outdoors to Utah’s economic prosperity and quality of life and created the Utah Division of Outdoor Recreation (DOR). As part of the Utah Department of Natural Resources, DOR combines the nation’s first Office of Outdoor Recreation with other state recreation management programs, including Utah’s Boating Program, Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV) Program, and recreation law enforcement officers. DOR is committed to ensuring every Utahn can live a healthy and active lifestyle through outdoor recreation and access to natural space. DOR’s areas of focus include recreational access; safety and education; stewardship and sustainable visitation; and economic growth and opportunity through outdoor recreation. For more information, visit recreation.utah.gov. 

About Utah Division of State Parks 

Since 1957, the Utah Division of State Parks has managed and protected Utah’s state parks, which now include 46 heritage, scenic and recreational sites. As part of the Utah Department of Natural Resources, we are committed to preserving Utah’s natural and cultural resources while ensuring that every visitor enjoys safe, memorable outdoor experiences. With a focus on thoughtful planning and development, we strive to enhance park facilities and provide opportunities for recreation and exploration for generations to come. For more information, visit stateparks.utah.gov.